AS Level Ancient Greek vocabulary (2009 ed.)

 

• this list has been created direclty from documents published online by OCR (“AS/A Level Classical Greek vocabulary (Unit F371 2009)”)

• it is a verbatim list except for a handful of necessary corrections

• the list contains 761 words

• links to online flashcards etc. can be found here

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ἀγαθός

good

ἄγαν

too much

ἀγγέλλω

I announce

ἄγγελος

messenger

ἀγνοέω

I do not know

ἀγορά

market-place

ἀγρός

field, countryside

ἄγω

I lead

ἀγών

contest, trial

ἀδελφή

sister

ἀδελφός

brother

ἀδικέω

I wrong (someone)

ἀδικία

a wrong, wrong-doing

ἄδικος

criminal

ἀεί

always

Ἀθῆναι

Athens

Ἀθηναῖοι

Athenians

ἁθροίζω

I gather

ἀθυμέω

I am despondent

αἰδέομαι

I respect, revere

αἷμα

blood

αἱρέω

I take

αἱρέομαι

I choose

αἴρω

I raise, lift

αἰσθάνομαι

I perceive

αἰσχρός

disgraceful, ugly

αἰσχύνω

I shame

αἰσχύνομαι

I am ashamed

αἰτέω

I ask for

αἰτία

cause, charge, blame

αἰτιάομαι

I blame, accuse

αἴτιος

responsible

αἰχμάλωτος

prisoner

ἀκούω

I hear

ἄκρος

top (of)

ἀκτή

shore

ἄκων

unwilling

ἀληθής

true

ἅλις

enough

ἀλλά

but

ἀλλήλους

each other

ἄλλος

other

ἅμα

at the same time; together with

ἁμαρτάνω

I make a mistake, miss, fail

ἀμύνω

I ward off, defend

ἀμύνομαι

I resist

ἀμφί + acc

around, about

ἀμφότερος

both

ἄν

would, could (indefinite)

ἀνά + acc

up

ἀναβαίνω

I board (ship), mount (horse), put to sea

ἀναγιγνώσκω

I read

ἀναγκάζω

I compel

ἀνάγκη

necessity

ἀνάγομαι

I put to sea

ἀναχωρέω

I retreat

ἀνδρεία

courage, manliness

ἀνδρεῖος

brave, manly

ἄνεμος

wind

ἀνεύ + gen

without

ἀνήρ

man, husband

ἄνθρωπος

person, man

ἀντί + gen

instead of

ἄξιος

worthy, deserving

ἀξιόω

I think fit, expect

ἅπας

all, every

ἀπειλέω

I threaten

ἀπέχω

I keep off; I am distant (intransitive)

ἀπό + gen

from

ἀποθνῄσκω

I die, am killed

ἀποκρίνομαι

I answer

ἀποκτείνω

I kill

ἀπόλλυμι

I lose, destroy

ἀπολογέομαι

I make my defence

ἀπορέω

I am at a loss

ἀπορία

perplexity, difficulty

ἀποστερέω

I deprive

ἀπροσδόκητος

unexpected

ἅπτομαι

I lay hold of, reach

ἄρα

… then …

ἆρα

= a question

ἀργύριον

money

ἀργυροῦς

made of silver

ἀρετή

excellence, virtue

ἀριθμός

number

ἀριστερός

left

ἅρμα

chariot

ἁρπάζω

I seize

ἄρτι

recently

ἀρχή

beginning; rule

ἄρχω

I rule

ἄρχομαι

I begin

ἀσεβής

impious

ἀσθενής

weak

ἄσμενος

glad

ἀσπίς

shield

ἄστυ

city

ἀσφάλεια

safety

ἀσφαλής

safe

ἅτε

in as much as, seeing that

αὖ / αὖθις

in turn, again

αὐξάνω

I increase, grow

αὔριον

tomorrow

αὐτίκα

at once

αὐτός

himself; same; him, her, it, them

ἀφικνέομαι

I arrive

ἀφίστημι

I (make to) revolt

ἀφίσταμαι

I revolt

βαδίζω

I walk

βαθύς

deep

βαίνω

I go

βάλλω

I throw, fire at

βάρβαρος

non-Greek

βαρύς

heavy, grievous

βασιλεύς

king

βασίλεια

queen

βέβαιος

firm, trusty, sure

βία

force

βίος

life

βλάπτω

I harm

βλέπω

I look

βοάω

I shout

βοή

shout

βοήθεια

help

βοηθέω

I help

βουλεύω / βουλεύομαι

I discuss, plan, consider

βουλή

counsel, council

βούλομαι

I wish

βραδύς

slow

βῶμος

altar

γαμέω / γαμέομαι

I marry

γάρ

for

γε

at any rate, at least

γελάω

I laugh

γένος

type, family, race

γέρων

old man

γέφυρα

bridge

γῆ

land, earth

γίγνομαι

I become, happen

γιγνώσκω

I get to know, realise, understand

γλῶσσα

tongue, language

γνώμη

opinion, judgement, intention

γοῦν

at any rate, at least

γράφω

I write

γυμνός

naked, unarmed

γυνή

woman, wife

δακρύω

I weep

δέ

and, but

δεῖ

it is necessary

δείκνυμι

I show

δεινός

terrible; clever, strange

δεῖπνον

meal

δένδρον

tree

δεξιά

right hand

δεξιός

right; skilled

δέομαι

I ask; need

δεσμός

bond, fetter

δεσμώτης

prisoner

δεσπότης

master

δέσποινα

mistress

δεῦρο

hither

δέχομαι

I receive, welcome

δή

[emphasises neighbouring word]

δήπου

of course, perhaps

δῆτα

of course, certainly

δῆλος

clear, certain

δηλόω

I show, point out

δῆμος

people

διά + acc

on account of, right through

διά + gen

through

διὰ τί

why?

δι᾽ ὀλίγου

soon

διαβαίνω

I cross

διαλέγομαι

I converse

διαφθείρω

I destroy, corrupt

διδάσκω

I teach, tell

δίδωμι

I give

διηγέομαι

I narrate

δίκαιος

upright, just, fair

δίκη

justice; lawsuit, penalty

διότι

because

διώκω

I pursue; prosecute

δοκέω

I seem, think

δοκεῖ + dat

it seems good

δόλος

trickery

δόξα

opinion, glory

δουλεύω

I am a slave

δοῦλος / δούλη

slave

δουλόω

I enslave

δράω

I do

δρόμος

flight, run

δύναμαι

I can

δύναμις

power, capacity

δυνατός

powerful, able; possible

δυστυχής

unfortunate

δῶρον

gift

ἐάν / ἤν

if

ἑαυτόν / αὑτόν

himself

ἐάω

I allow

ἐγγύς

near (as prep, takes gen)

ἐγώ or ἐγώγε / ἐμαυτόν

I / myself

ἐθέλω

I am willing, wish

ἔθνος

tribe

εἰ

if

εἰκός

probability

εἰμί

I am

εἰρήνη

peace

εἰς + acc

into, to

εἰσβάλλω

I invade

εἰσβολή

invasion; pass

εἶτα

then

εἴτε … εἴτε …

whether … or …

ἐκ or ἐξ + gen

out of, from

ἐξ οὗ

since the time when

ἔξω + gen

outside

ἕκαστος

each

ἕκατερος

each (of two)

ἐκεῖ

there

ἐκεῖθεν

thence

ἐκεῖσε

thither

ἐκεῖνος

that

ἐκκλησία

assembly

ἐκφεύγω

I escape

ἑκών

willing

ἐλαύνω

I drive

ἐλευθερία

freedom

ἐλεύθερος

free

ἐλευθερόω

I free

ἕλκω

I drag

Ἑλλας

Greece

Ἑλλην

Greek

ἐλπίζω

I hope, expect

ἐμός

my

ἐν + dat

in, on

ἐνάντιος

opposite, contrary

ἕνεκα + gen

on account of, for the sake of

ἔνθα

there, then, when

ἐνθάδε

here, there

ἐνθένδε

from there, from when

ἐνιαυτός

year

ἔνιοι

some

ἐνίοτε

sometimes

ἐννοέω

I consider, think of

ἔνοικος

inhabitant

ἐνταῦθα

here, there, then

ἐντεῦθεν

hence, thence, thereupon

ἐντυγχάνω

I meet

ἐξαίφνης

suddenly

ἐξαπατάω

I deceive

ἔξεστι

it is allowed, is possible

ἑορτή

festival

ἐπαινέω

I praise

ἐπανέρχομαι

I return

ἐπεί / ἐπειδή / ἐπειδάν

since, when

ἐπεὶ τάχιστα

as soon as

ἔπειτα

then, afterwards

ἐπί + acc

against, on, on condition of

ἐπί + gen

on

ἐπί + dat

on condition of; beside

ἐπιλανθάνομαι

I forget

ἐπίσταμαι

I understand, know (how to)

ἐπιστολή

letter

ἐπιτήδεια

provisions

ἐπιτρέπω

I entrust

ἕπομαι

I follow

ἐργάζομαι

I work

ἔργον

work, deed

ἐρῆμος

deserted

ἔρχομαι

I go, come

ἐρωτάω

I ask (a question)

ἐσθίω

I eat

ἑσπέρα

evening, west

ἔσχατος

last, furthest

ἑταῖρος

companion

ἕτερος

one; the other; different

ἔτι

still, yet

ἕτοιμος

ready

ἔτος

year

εὖ

well

εὐγενής

noble

εὐδαίμων

happy, prosperous

εὐθύς

at once

εὑρίσκω

I find

εὐρύς

broad

εὐσεβής

pious

εὐτυχής

fortunate, lucky

εὔχομαι

I pray, boast

ἐφ᾽ ᾧτε

on condition that

ἐχθρός

hostile

ἔχω

I have, hold; + adverb "be"

ἕως

while, until

ζάω

I live

Ζεύς

Zeus

ζητέω

I seek

ἤ / ἤ … ἤ …

than; or / either … or …

ἡγεμών

leader, guide

ἡγέομαι

I lead; consider

ἤδη

now, already

ἥδομαι

I enjoy, am glad

ἡδύς

pleasant, sweet

ἥκιστα

least; not at all

ἥκω

I have come

ἥλιος

sun

ἥμεις / ἡμᾶς αὐτούς

we / ourselves

ἡμέρα

day

ἁμ᾽ ἡμέρᾳ

at daybreak

ἡμέτερος

our

ἤπειρος

mainland

ἡσυχάζω

I am calm, am quiet

θάλασσα

sea

θάνατος

death

θάπτω

I bury

θαρρέω / θαρσέω

I am confident

θαυμάζω

I am amazed, admire

θεάομαι

I look at

θεά

goddess

θεός

god

θεραπεύω

I care for

θεράπων / θεράπαινα

servant

θέρος

summer

θηρεύω

I hunt

θήριον

wild beast

θρασύς

reckless; bold

θυγάτηρ

daughter

θύρα

door

θύω

I sacrifice

θώραξ

breast plate

ἰατρός

doctor

ἱερεύς

priest

ἱερόν

temple

ἱερός

holy

ἵημι

I send; hurl

ἱκανός

sufficient; capable

ἵνα

so that, in order to

ἱππεύς

cavalryman

ἱππεύω

I ride

ἵππος

horse; cavalry

ἴσος

equal

ἴσως

perhaps

ἵστημι

I make to stand

ἵσταμαι

I stand

ἰσχυρός

strong

καθεύδω

I sleep

καθίζω

I make to sit down, sit down

καθίστημι

I make, appoint, put (into state of …)

καθίσταμαι

I am appointed, get (into the state of ...)

καί

and, even, also, actually

καίπερ

although

καιρός

right time, opportunity

καίτοι

and yet

καίω

I burn, set on fire

κακός

bad, cowardly

καλέω

I call, summon

καλός

fine, beautiful

κάμνω

I toil, am weary (of), am tired by

κατά + acc

down, according to, by (land, sea)

κατάσκοπος

spy

καταφρονέω

I despise

κατηγορέω

I accuse

κεῖμαι

I lie; am situated

κελεύω

I order

κενός

empty

κέρας

horn, wing

κεφαλή

head

κήρυξ

herald

κηρύσσω

I proclaim

κινδυνεύω

I risk; I am likely to

κίνδυνος

danger

κινέω

I move, arouse

κλέπτω

I steal

κοινός

common

κολάζω

I punish

κομίζω

I bring; convey

κόπτω

I cut, hit

κόρη

girl

κρατέω

I control, conquer

κράτος

might, force

κρίνω

I judge

κριτής

judge

κρύπτω

I hide

κτάομαι

I obtain

κτῆμα

possession

κυβερνήτης

helmsman

κύκλος

circle

κωλύω

I prevent, hinder

κώμη

village

λάθρᾳ

secretly

Λακεδαιμόνιοι

the Spartans

λαμβάνω

I take, capture

λανθάνω

I escape the notice of

λέγω

I say, tell

λείπω

I leave (behind)

λίθος

stone

λιμήν

harbour

λίμνη

marsh

λόγος

word, account, reason

λόγχη

spear

λοιπός

remaining

τὸ λοιπόν

in the future

λοχαγός

commander

λυπέω

I annoy, harass

λύπη

pain, grief

λύω

I loose

λύομαι

I ransom

μακρός

long

μάλα

very

μάλιστα

very much, especially

μᾶλλον

more

μανθάνω

I learn, understand

μαντεῖον

oracle

μάντις

prophet

μάτην

in vain

μάχη

fight

μάχομαι

I fight

μέγας

great, big

μέλλω

I intend, hesitate, am going to

μέμνημαι

I remember

… μέν … δέ

on the one hand … on the other … [marks a contrast]

μέντοι

however; certainly

μένω

I remain, await

μέρος

part, share

μέσος

middle

μετά + acc

after

μετά + gen

with

μεταπέμπομαι

I send for

μέχρι

until

μή (and compounds)

see under οὐ

μήν

month

μήτηρ

mother

μικρός

small

μισέω

I hate

μισθός

reward, fee

μόλις

scarcely, with difficulty

μόνον

only

μόνος

alone

μῦθος

word, story

μῶρος

foolish, stupid

ναί

yes

ναυμαχέω

I fight a sea-battle

ναυμαχία

sea-battle

ναῦς

ship

ναυτής

sailor

ναυτικόν

fleet

νεανίας

young man

νεκρός

corpse

νέος

young, new

νῆσος

island

νικάω

I conquer

νίκη

victory

νομίζω

I consider, believe

νόμος

law, custom

νοσέω

I am ill

νόσος

illness

νοῦς

mind

νῦν

now

νύξ

night

ξένος

stranger, foreigner, friend, host, guest

ξίφος

sword

ξύλινος

wooden

the

ὅδε

this

ὁδός

road, journey

ὅθεν

whence

οἷ

whither

οἶδα

I know

οἴκαδε

homewards

οἰκέω

I dwell

οἰκία

house, home

οἴκοθεν

from home

οἴκοι

at home

οἶκος

home

οἰκτείρω

I pity

οἶνος

wine

οἷος

such (as)

οἷος τ᾽ εἰμί

I can

ὀλίγος

small, few

ὄμνυμι

I swear

ὅμοιος

similar, like

ὁμολογέω

I agree, admit

ὅμως

nevertheless

ὄνομα

name

ὄπισθε(ν)

behind, in future

ὅπλα

arms, armour

ὁπλίζω

I arm

ὁπλίτης

hoplite

ὅπως

so that

ὁράω

I see

ὀργή

anger

ὀργίζομαι

I become angry

ὀρθός

straight, correct

ὅρκος

oath

ὁρμάομαι

I set out

ὄρος

hill, mountain

ὅς

who

ὅσος

how much, how big

ὅστις

whoever

ὅτε / ὅταν

when

ὅτι

because, that

οὗ

where (relative)

οὐ / οὐκ / οὐχ / οὐχί / μή

not

οὐδαμοῦ / μηδαμοῦ

nowhere

οὐδαμῶς / μηδαμῶς

in no way

οὐδέ / μηδέ

and not, nor, not even

οὐδείς / μηδείς

no one

οὐδέποτε / οὔποτε / μηδέποτε / μήποτε

never

οὐκέτι / μηκέτι

no longer

οὔκουν

not

οὐκοῦν

therefore, then

οὖν

and so

οὔτε ... οὔτε / μήτε ... μήτε

neither ... nor

οὗτος

this

οὕτω / οὕτως

thus, so

ὀφθαλμός

eye

παιδεύω

I educate, train

παῖς

boy, girl, child

πάλαι

formerly

παλαιός

former, ancient

πάλιν

back, again

παρά + acc

contrary to, along

παρά + gen

from

παρά + dat

beside

παραδίδωμι

I hand over, surrender

παρασκευάζω

I prepare

πάρειμι

I am present

πάρεστι

it is possible

παρέχω

I provide

παρθένος

virgin

πᾶς

every, all

πανταχοῦ

everywhere

πάσχω

I suffer

πατήρ

father

πατρίς

fatherland

πατρῷος

of a father

παύω

I stop

παύομαι

I cease

πεδίον

plain

πεζῇ

on foot

πεζοί

infantry

πείθω

I persuade

πείθομαι

I obey

πειράομαι

I try

πελταστής

light-armed soldier

πέμπω

I send, escort

περί + acc

around

περί + gen

about

Πέρσης

Persian

πηδάω

I leap

πιέζω

I press hard upon

πίνω

I drink

πίπτω

I fall

πιστεύω

I believe, trust

πιστός

reliable, faithful

πλέω

I sail

πλῆθος

crowd, large number

πλήν + gen

except

πληρόω

I fill, man (a ship)

πλοῖον

boat

πλοῦς

voyage

πλούσιος

rich

ποιέω

I make, do

ποιέομαι

I value

περὶ πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαι

to value highly

ποῖος / ὁποῖος

of what sort; such as

πολεμέω

I fight a war

πολέμιος

enemy

πόλεμος

war

πολιορκέω

I besiege

πόλις

city-state, city

πολίτης

citizen

πολλάκις

often

πολύς

much, many

πονέω

I toil, suffer

πόνος

toil, pain

πορεύομαι

I march

πόρρω / πρόσω

forwards, far away

πόσος / ὁπόσος

how great, how much, how many; as much as

ποταμός

river

πότε or ὁπότε / ποτε

when / at some time

πότερον … ἤ …

(whether) … or …

πότερος / ὁπότερος

which of two

πόθεν / ὅποθεν

whence?

ποῖ / ὅποι

whither?

ποῦ / ὅπου

where?

που

I suppose

πούς

foot

πρᾶγμα

thing, matter

πράσσω

I do, fare

πρέσβυς / πρέσβεις (pl)

elder / ambassadors

πρίν

before, until

πρό + gen

in front of

πρόγονος

ancestor

προδίδωμι

I betray

προθυμέω

I am eager

προθυμία

eagerness, zeal

πρόθυμος

eager, ready

πρός + acc

to, towards, against, in addition to

προσβάλλω

I attack

πρόσθεν / ἔμπροσθεν

before

προτεραία

the day before

πρότερον

before

πρῴ

early

πρῶτον

first

πύλη

gate

πυνθάνομαι

I ascertain, learn

πῦρ

fire

πῶς or ὅπως / πως

how / in some way

ῥᾴδιος

easy

ῥήτωρ

speaker, politician

ῥίπτω

I throw

σαφής

clear

σῆμα

sign, signal

σημαίνω

I show, give a sign

σήμερον

today

σιγάω

I am silent

σιγή

silence

σῖτος

corn; food; bread

σκεύη

equipment, baggage

σκηνή

tent

σκοπέω

I look at, examine

σκότος

darkness

σός

your

σοφία

cleverness, wisdom

σοφός

clever, wise

σπονδαί

treaty

στάδιον [pl. στάδιοι]

stade [a unit of length]

στέλλω

I send, equip

στενός

narrow

στόλος

expedition

στόμα

mouth

στράτευμα

army

στρατεύω

I march

στρατηγέω

I am general

στρατηγός

general

στρατιά

army

στρατιώτης

soldier

στρατοπεδεύομαι

I encamp

στρατόπεδον

camp

στρατός

army

σύ / σεαυτόν

you / yourself

συγγενής

related, kin

συγχωρέω

I agree

συλλέγω

I collect, assemble

συμβουλεύω

I advise

συμμαχία

alliance

σύμμαχος

ally

συμφορά

disaster; event

σύν + dat

with

σφᾶς / σφᾶς αὐτούς

them / themselves

σφέτερος

their

σφόδρα

very much

σχεδόν

nearly, almost

σῴζω

I save, keep

σωτηρία

safety

σῶμα

body

σώφρων

sensible, sober, moderate

τάξις

arrangement, rank, (battle) order

ταράσσω

I throw into confusion

τάσσω

I draw up, arrange

τάφος

tomb

τάχα / τάχ' ἄν

quickly, perhaps / perhaps

ταχύς

quick

τε / τε … τε

and / both … and …

τειχίζω

I fortify

τείχισμα

fortification

τεῖχος

wall

τελευτάω

I end; die

τελευτή

end

τέλος

end (adv. in the end)

τέμνω

I cut

τέχνη

craft; skill

τίθημι

I place; make

τιμάω

I honour

τιμή

honour

τιμωρέω

I punish, avenge

τιμωρέομαι

I take vengeance on

τίς;

who?

τις

(a) certain, someone, something

τοι

I assure you

τοιοῦτος

such

τόλμα

daring

τολμάω

I dare

τόξευμα

arrow

τοξεύω

I shoot

τόξον

bow

τοξότης

archer

τόπος

place

τοσοῦτος

so great, so many

τότε

at that time

τραῦμα

wound

τραυματίζω

I wound

τρέπω

I turn, rout

τρέχω

I run

τριήρης

trireme

τροπαῖον

trophy

τρόπος

way, manner, custom

τυγχάνω

I happen, hit

τύπτω

I strike

τύχη

chance, luck, fortune

ὑβρίζω

I insult

ὕδωρ

water

υἱός

son

ὕλη

wood

ὑμεῖς / ὑμᾶς αὐτούς

you / yourselves

ὑμέτερος

your

ὑπέρ + acc

above, beyond, over

ὑπέρ + gen

on behalf of

ὑπισχνέομαι

I promise

ὕπνος

sleep

ὑπό + gen

under; by

ὑστεραία

the next day

ὕστερος

latter; later

ὕστερον

later

ὑψηλός

high

φαίνομαι

I appear, seem

φέρω

I bear, + adverb (e.g. κακῶς) = I take it (ill)

φεύγω

I flee, am accused, am banished

φημί

I say

φθάνω

I do something first

φθονέω

I grudge, resent, envy

φθόνος

grudge, envy

φιλέω

I love; am accustomed

φιλία

affection

φίλιος

dear, friendly

φίλος / φίλη

friend

φοβέομαι

I fear

φόβος

fear

φονεύω

I murder, kill

φυγάς

an exile

φυγή

exile

φύλαξ

guard

φυλάσσω

I guard

φωνή

voice

χαίρω

I rejoice

χαλεπός

difficult, harsh

χαλκοῦς

brazen

χάριν ἔχω

I thank

χειμών

winter; storm

χείρ

hand

χθές

yesterday

χράομαι

I use; treat

χρή

it is necessary

χρῆμα

thing; money (in pl.)

χρησιμός

useful

χρηστήριον

oracle

χρόνος

time

χρυσός

gold

χρυσοῦς

golden

χώρα

land, place

χωρέω

I go

χωρίον

place

ψεύδω

I cheat, deceive

ψεύδομαι

I lie, I am mistaken

ψηφίζομαι

I vote

o

ὧδε

thus

ὥρα

time

ὡς

as, when, that, because, how

ὡς + superlative adverb

as ... as possible

ὥσπερ

as if

ὥστε

so that

ὠφελέω

I benefit, help